A-ôp-a-Wn-¡qÀ \o-ï sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯-en-\v ti-jw C-{km-tbð hoïpw Km-k-bnð A-{Ia-Ww Xp-S-§n. thym-am-{I-a-W-t¯m-sSm-¸w I-c-bn-eq-tSbpw C-{km-tbð Kmk-sb A-{I-an-¡p-óp-ïv. Có-se cm-{Xn-tbm-sS-bm-Wv C-{km-tbð I-c-bp-²w B-cw-`n-¨Xv. I-c-bp-²w B-cw-`n-¨ hnh-cw C-{km-tbð ssk\yw {]-kv-Xm-h-\-bn-eq-sS Øn-co-I-cn-¨p.
Km-k-bn-se s_-bv-Xv emln-b {]-tZ-i-¯m-Wv thym-am-{Ia-Ww ]p-\-cm-cw-`n-¨-Xv. B-f-]m-b-ap-ïm-b-Xm-bn dn-t¸mÀ-«nñ. ]-¯v Zn-h-k-am-bn Xp-S-cp-ó cq-£am-b C-{km-tbð A-{I-a-W-¯nð-s]-«v Zp-cn-X-¯n-em-b-hÀ-¡v `-£-Whpw sh-Åhpw DÄ-¸-sS-bp-Å A-SnØm-\ ku-I-cy-§-sf-¯n-¡m³ A-ôp-a-Wn-¡qÀ sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯-en-\v X-¿m-dm-I-W-sa-ó bp-F³ A-`yÀ-°\-sb Xp-SÀ-óm-Wv hym-gmgv-N A-ôp-a-Wn-¡qÀ sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯-en-\v C-{km-tbepw l-amkpw X-¿m-dm-b-Xv.
cm-hn-se ]-¯pa-Wn ap-Xð D-¨-bv-¡v aq-óv a-Wnh-sc sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯-en-\m-bn-cp-óp C-{km-tbepw l-amkpw X-½nð [m-c-W-bm-bXv. F-ómð C-Xn-\n-S-bnepw H-ä-s¸-« A-{I-a-W-§Ä dn-t¸mÀ-«v sN-bvXp. Fjv-tImð ta-J-e-bn-te-¡v l-am-kv sjñm-{Ia-Ww \-S-¯n-sb-óv C-{km-tbepw dm-^-bn-te-¡v C-{km-tbð tdm-¡-äv A-{Ia-Ww \-S-¯n-sb-óv l-amkpw B-tcm-]n-¨p.
A-ôp-a-Wn-¡qÀ \o-ï sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯ð {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp¯n-sIm-ïv Km-k-ap-\-¼n-ep-Å km-[m-c-W-¡mÀ A-h-iy-km-[-\-§Ä k-am-l-cn-¨p. A-{I-a-W-¯nð X-IÀ-ó Ip-Sn-shÅ ss]-¸p-Ifpw ssh-Zyp-Xn _-Ôhpw ]p-\-Øm-]n-¨n-«p-ïv. Pqsse F-«n-\v Xp-S§n-b A-{I-a-W-¯nð C-Xp-h-sc 227 t]À sImñ-s¸«p. bp-F-ón-sâ I-W-¡p-IÄ A-\p-k-cn-¨v C-Xp-h-sc 1960 A-{I-a-W-§-fm-Wv Km-k-bv-¡v t\-sc C-{km-tbð \-S-¯n-bXv. C-{km-tb-en-\v t\-sc 1380 tdm¡-äv A-{I-a-W-§Ä l-amkpw \-S-¯n. 1370 Hm-fw ho-Sp-I-fm-Wv Km-k-bnð X-IÀ-ó-Xv. 18000t¯m-fw t]À In-S-¸m-Sw \-ã-s¸-«v bp-F-ón-sâ A-`-bmÀ-°n-Iym-¼p-I-fnð A`-bw tX-Sn.
C-Xn-\nsS Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-sâ a-[y-Ø-X-bnð sh-Sn-\nÀ-¯ð \o-«m³ C-cp-cm-Py-§-fpw k-½-Xn-¨m-bp-Å hmÀ-¯ C-{km-tbð \n-tj-[n-¨n-«pïv. Km-k-bnð \n-ópÅ tdm¡-äv A-{Ia-Ww ]qÀ-®-am-bn \n-e-bv-¡pó-Xv h-sc Xn-c¨-Sn Xp-S-cp-sa-óv C-{km-tbð hy-à-am-¡n-bn-«pïv.
kw-LÀ-j-¯n-\v s]-«-óp-Å Im-c-W-am-bn XoÀ-ó ]-e-kv-Xo³ bp-hm-hv ap-l½-Zv A-_p-Jm-Z-dn-s\ Np«p-sIm-ó tI-knð aq-óv Pq-X³-amÀ-s¡-Xn-tc C-{km-tbð Ip-äw Np-a-¯n-bn-«pïv. C-Xn-sâ hn-i-Zmw-i-§Ä ]p-d-¯p-hn-«n-«nñ. I-gn-ª-am-kw aq-óv C-{km-tb-en ]u-c³-am-sc l-am-kv X«n-sImïp-t]m-bn sIm-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-\v {]-Xn-Im-c-am-bn-«m-Wv Pqsse c-ïn-\v A-_p-Jm-Z-dn-s\ X«n-sImïp-t]m-bn Np«p-sIm-óXv. C-tX Xp-SÀ-óv l-am-kv C-{km-tb-en-te-¡v tdm¡-äv A-{Ia-Ww \-S-¯p-I-bpw C-{km-tbð Xn-cn-¨-Sn-bv-¡p-I-bp-am-bn-cpóp.
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