kvtIm-«v-em³-Uv bp-sI-bnð \n-óv thÀ-s¸-«v kz-X-{´ cm-Py-am-bn \n-e-\n-ómð A-hn-tS-bv-¡v F-¯p-ó hn-tZ-i hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fp-sS F-®w Ip-d-bp-sa-óv kÀsh. hn-tZi-¯v \nópw hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ kv-tIm-«v-em³-Unð F-¯pó-Xv {_n-«o-jv bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-bnð \nópw _n-cp-Zw t\-Sp-ó-Xn-\m-Wv. kv-tIm-«v-em³-Uv kzm-X-{´yw {]-Jym-]n-¡p-ó-tXm-sS kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-Ifpw {_n«-sâ Io-gnð Añm-Xm-Ipw.
kÀ-th-bnð ]-s¦-Sp-¯ 46 i-X-am-\w B-fp-Ifpw A-`n-{]m-b-s¸«-Xv kv-tIm-«v-em³-Unð F-¯nb-Xv {_n-«o-jv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bnð \nópw _n-cp-Zw t\-Sp-ó-Xn-\m-bn-«m-sW-ómWv. bq-tdm-]y³ bq-Wn-b-\nð Aw-K-Xz-anñm-¯ cm-Py-§-fn-se hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡n-S-bn-em-Wv kÀ-sh \-S-¯n-b-Xv. C-Xnð ]-s¦-Sp-¯ aq-ónð H-óv hn-ZymÀ-°n-Ifpw B-i-¦-s¸-Spó-Xv kv-tIm-«v-em³-Un-sâ kzm-X-{´yw X-§Ä t\Sn-b _n-cp-Z-¯n-sâ km-[y-X-IÄ-¡v a-§ð Fð-¸n¡ptam F-óm-Wv.
kv-tIm-«n-jv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-Ifm-b ¥mkv-tKm, ÌmÀ-¯v-ss¢Uv, F-Un³_À, ¥mkvtKm Ise-tUm-Wn-b³ F-ón-hn-S-§-fn-se hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡n-S-bnð ssN-\o-kv hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fm-Wv kv-tIm-«v-em³-Uv bp-sI-bnð \n-óv thÀ-s]-«mð hn-Zym-`ym-k-cw-K-¯n-\v D-ïm-Im³ km-[y-X-bp-Å Xn-cn-¨-Sn-sb-¡p-dn-¨v kÀ-sh \-S-¯n-b-Xv. 36 Hm-fw cm-Py-§-fnð \n-óp-Å hn-ZymÀ-°nI-sf DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bm-Wv kÀ-sh \-S-¯n-bXv. Hm¬-sse³ kv-äpUâv am-K-ko³ ssN-\-tKÄ-kv F-t{_m-Un-sâ F-Un-ädm-b b-Pq³ sU³-Mn-sâ t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-em-bn-cp-óp kÀ-sh \-S-¯-s¸-«-Xv.
kv-tIm-«v-em³-Un-sâ kzm-X{´y {]-Jym-]-\-t¯m-sS hntZ-i hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fnð \n-óp-Å h-cp-am-\-¯nð K-Wyam-b Ip-d-hp-ïm-Ipw. 778 an-ey¬ ]u-ïn-sâ Ipd-hv {]-Xn-hÀ-j-ap-ïm-Ip-sa-óm-Wv I-W-¡p-IÄ kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-óXv. C-Xv kv-tIm-«n-jv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-I-fp-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n-\v B-h-iyam-b ^-ïnw-Kn-s\ {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn _m-[n-¡p-saópw b-Pq³ sU³-Mv A-`n-{]m-b-s¸-«p. kÀ-sh-bnð ]-s¦-Sp-¯ Ip-«n-I-fp-sS {]-Xn-I-c-W-¯nð {_m³-Uv bp-sI apg-¨v \nð-¡p-óp-ïm-bn-cp-só-ópw b-Pq³ sU³-Mv Iq-«n-t¨À-¯p.
kÀ-sh-bnð ssN-\-bnð \n-óp-Å 132 hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ ]-s¦-Sp¯p. C-h-cnð 45 i-X-am-\w B-fp-I-fpw I-cp-Xpó-Xv bp-sI _ncp-Z kÀ-«n-^n-t¡-än-\m-Wv hn-e-bp-Å-sX-ómWv. kv-tIm-«v-em³-Uv kzm-X-{´yw {]-Jym-]n-¨mð ]n-só kv-tIm-«n-jv kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-I-fn-te-¡v t]m-In-sñópw C-hÀ A-`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-ópïv.
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