hnZym-e-b-§-fnð A-²y-\ hÀ-jw Xp-S-§p-ó k-ab-¯v Fñm Ip-«n-IÄ¡pw F t{K-Uv \ð-I-W-sa-óp-aw ]-co-£-I-fnð A-hÀ ]-cm-P-b-s¸-«n-«p-sï-¦nð A-Xv A-h-cnð \n-óv ad-¨v sh-bv-¡-W-saópw \nÀ-t±iw. A-[ym-]-IÀ-¡v \-ð-In-bn-cn-¡pó ssK-Un-em-Wv hn-hm-Zam-b Cu \nÀ-t±-i-a-S-§n-bn-cn-¡p-ó-Xv.
Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v Xp-S-¡-¯nð tSm-]v t{K-Uv \ð-Ip-I-bpw Xð-Øn-Xn-bnð Xp-S-cm³ Ip-«n-I-tfm-Sv B-h-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xmð A-Xv A-hÀ-¡v ]T-\-¯n-\v Iq-Sp-Xð t{]m-Õml-\w \ð-Ip-sa-óm-Wv tdm-bð skm-sskän Hm-^v BÀ-«v-kv ]-d-bp-ó-Xv. hn-Zym-`ym-k Im-cy-§-fnð K-thj-Ww \-S-¯p-ó k-ó-² kw-L-S-\-bm-WA tdm-bð skm-sskän Hm-^v BÀ-«vkv. A-[ym-]-IÀ hÀ-jm-cw-`-¯nð F t{K-Uv \ð-Ip-ó Ip-«n-IÄ Fñm-hcpw X-só hÀ-jm-´y-¯nð Fñm hn-j-b-¯nepw F t{K-Uv I-c-Ø-am-¡-W-sa-ónñ. F-ómð A-Xv Ah-sc Iq-Sp-Xð t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡p-Ibpw {]-tNmZ-\w \ð-Ip-Ibpw sN-¿pw. hÀ-jm-cw-`-¯nð H-cp Ip«n-tbm-Sv \n\-¡v F-^v t{K-Uv am-{X-sa e-`n-¨n-«p-Åp \o ]-co-£-bnð tXm-äp F-óv ]-d-ªmð A-Xv B Ip-«n-¡v am-\kn-I ]n-cn-ap-dp-¡w kr-ãn-¡p-Ibpw Øn-tcm-Õm-lw Cñm-Xm-¡p-ó-Xn-te-¡v h-gn sh-bv-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pw.
Snw s_À-W-dn-se eo, ap³ ImâÀ_-dn BÀ-¨v _nj-¸v Xp-S§n-b \n-ch-[n {]-ap-JÀ ]-¦m-fn-Ifm-b H-cp k-ó-² kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv tdm-bvð skm-sskän Hm-^v BÀ-«v-kv. 1754em-Wv C-Xv cq-]o-Ir-X-am-b-Xv. \n-e-hnð hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fnð \n-óm-bn 27000¯nð A-[n-Iw Aw-K-§-fp-ïv BÀ-F-kv-F-bnð.
A-tX-ka-bw I-Å-¯-c-¯n-eq-sS H-cp hÀj-s¯ ]T-\w B-cw-`n-¡p-ó-Xn-epw \ñ-Xv ]-cm-P-b-¯n-eq-sS B-cw-`n-¡p-ó-Xm-sW-óv Iymw-s]-b³ t^mÀ Nnð-{U³ sN-bÀ-am³ {In-kv a-IvsK-th¬ ]-dªp. Ip-«n-IÄ ]mT-apÄ-s¡m-tÅ-ï-Xv ]-cm-P-b-§-fnð \n-ómWv, Fñm-¡m-ehpw Fñm k-a-b¯pw Ip-«nI-sf ]p-I-gv-¯n-s¡m-ïn-cp-ómð A-Xv Ah-sc {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn am-{X-sa _m-[n-¡p-I-bp-Åp. ]-cm-P-b-s¸-Sm³ km-[y-X-bp-sïó t_m[yw Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v D-ïm-Ipó-Xv \ñ-Xm-sWópw a-Iv-sK-th¬ ]-dªp. ap³-Im-e {]n-¸-tdä-dn kv-IqÄ sl-Uv am-ÌÀ Iq-Sn-bm-Wv {In-kv a-Iv-sK-th¬.
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