a-ªv I-«-IÄ aq-Sn hn-kvv-ar-Xn-bnem-b AâmÀ-¡³ X-Sm-Iw thm-kv-täm-Inð \n-óv ]pXn-b X-cw _m-Îo-cnb-sb I-sï-¯n-b-Xm-bn d-jy³ im-kv-{XÚÀ. C-Xv h-sc `q-apJ-¯v I-sï-¯n-bn-«nñm-¯ X-cw ]pXn-b _m-Îocn-b B-Wv I-sï-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-ó-sXópw C-Xv im-kv-{X-¯n-\v ap-Xð-Iq-«m-Ip-sa-óm-Wv I-cp-Xp-ó-sXópw thm-kv-täm-¡n-s\ Ip-dn-¨v ]T-\w \-S-¯p-ó im-kv-{X-ÚÀ ]-dªp.
I-gn-ª hÀ-j-am-Wv \q-äm-ïp-IÄ-¡v ap³-]v `q-apJ-¯v \n-óv A-{]-Xy-£am-b thm-kv-täm-Iv X-SmI-s¯ Ip-dn-¨v ]Tn-¡m³ d-jy³ kw-Lw AâmÀ-«n-¡-bn-se-¯n-bXv. a-ªv aq-Sn In-S-¡p-ó X-Sm-I-¯n-te-¡v F-¯m-\m-bn im-kv-{X-ÚÀ-¡v G-I-tZ-iw 4 In-tem-ao-ä-tdm-fw B-g-¯nð a-ªvv Xp-c-óv am-tä-ï-Xm-bn h-óp. Xp-SÀ-óv C-hn-sS \n-óv ti-J-cn-¨ sh-Å-¯n-sâ km-¼nÄ hn-i-Zam-b ]cn-tim-[-\-bv-¡v hn-t[-b-am-¡n-b-t¸m-gm-Wv ]p-Xn-bX-cw _m-Îo-cn-b-bp-sS km-ón-[yw I-sï-¯n-b-Xv.
\n-e-hnð tem-I-¯v A-dn-b-s¸-Sp-ó H-cp ssa-t{Im HmÀ-Km-\n-k-¯n-tâbpw Un-F³-F-bp-am-bn ]pXn-b _m-Îo-cn-b-bp-sS Un-F³-F-bv-¡v kmayw C-sñ-óv skâv ]o-tä-gv-kv-_À-K-v C³-Ìn-äyq-«v Hm-^v \yq-¢n-bmÀ ^n-kn-Iv-kn-se P-\-än-Iv-kv e-t_md-«n hn-`m-K-¯n-se im-kv-{X-Ú\m-b skÀ-Pn _p-em-Xv ]-d-ªp.
hÀ-j§Ä-sIm-ïm-Wv AâmÀ-«n-¡-bn-se {Unñnw-Kv t{]mP-Îv X-¿m-dm-¡n-bXpw \-S-¸n-em-¡n-b-Xpw. In-g-¡³ BâmÀ-«nIv sF-kv jo-äp-I-fp-sS a-[y-`m-K-¯m-Wv X-Sm-Iw Øn-Xn sN-¿pó-Xv Fó-Xv ]-²-Xn-sb Iq-Sp-Xð Zp-jv-I-c-am-¡n-bn-cpóp. `q-an-bnð Po-hn-¡m³ G-ähpw Zp-jv-I-cam-b A-´-co-£w D-Å Ø-e-am-Wv Cu-Ìv AâmÀ-«n-¡. `q-an-bn-se G-ähpw Ip-d-ª A-´co-£ Du-jv-am-hv tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-ó Ø-e-am-Wv C-Xv. 1983 Pq-sse 21 \v C-hn-Sp-s¯ A-´co-£ Du-jv-am-hv ssa-\-kv 89 Un{Kn B-bn-cp-óp.
1956em-Wv d-jy C-hn-sS thm-kv-täm-Iv kv-tä-j³ Øm-]n-¡p-óXv. C-hn-Sp-s¯ ko-kv-an-Iv i-Ð-tc-J-IÄ A-\p-k-cn-¨v a-ªv I-«-IÄ-¡v A-Sn-bn-em-bn sh-Å-¯n-sâ km-ón[yw D-sï-óv hÀ-j-§Ä-¡v ap³-t] im-kv-{X-ÚÀ I-sï-¯n-bn-cpóp. F-ómð 1990ð {_-«o-jv im-kv-{X-Ú-cm-Wv a-ªv-]m-fn-IÄ-¡v A-Sn-bnð X-Sm-I-¯n-sâ km-ón[yw d-UmÀ D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v D-d-¸n-¨-Xv.
Cu-Ìv AâmÀ-«n-¡-bnð G-I-tZ-iw 15,000 In-tem-ao-äÀ hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bn-epw 800 ao-äÀ B-g-¯n-ep-am-bm-Wv thm-kv-täm-Iv X-Sm-Iw Øn-Xn sN-¿p-óXv. ssk-_o-cn-b-bn-se s_-bv-Imð X-Sm-I-¯ntâtbm t\-mÀ-¯v A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se Hâmcntbm X-Sm-I-¯ntâtbm h-en-¸-¯n-\v k-am-\-am-Wv CXv. A-Sp-¯n-sS A-ta-cn-¡³ im-kv-{X-ÚÀ hnñm³-kv F-ó t]-cnð a-säm-cp X-Sm-Iw Iq-Sn AâmÀ-«n-¡-bnð I-sï-¯n-bn-cpóp. F-ómð hnñm³-kv thm-kv-täm-Iv t]m-se A-{X H-ä-s¸-« {]-tZ-i-¯ñ Øn-Xn sN-¿p-óXv. C-hn-sS \n-óp-Å km-¼n-fp-I-fnepw ssa-t{Im HmÀ-Km-\n-k-¯n-sâ km-ón[yw I-sï-¯n-bn-cpóp.
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