{]Xo-£ sIm-fp-¯n-b-Xpw Po-h-s\-Sp-¯Xpw A-tX \n-e-hnf¡v

s]m-Åp-ó Po-hn-Xm-\p-`-h-§Ä-¡n-S-bnð X-f-cm-sX ]n-Sn-¨p-\nð-¡m³ kp-Ip-am-cn F-ó kn-\n-am-\-Sn-bvv-¡v Xp-W-bmb-Xv c-ïv Im-cy-§Ä… ho-«n-se ]q-Pm-ap-dn-bnð sX-fn-bn-¡p-ó Zo-]hpw a-I³ kp-tc-jv Ip-am-dn-sâ ap-J-hpw… sN-dp-{]m-b-¯n-se hn-[-h-bm-bn t]m-tI-ïn-h-ó H-cp kv-{Xo-bp-sS th-Z-\-IÄ i-an-¸n-¡m³ A-Xv cïpw a-Xn-bm-bn-cp-óp A-hÀ¡v. ]¯mw h-b-Êp-ap-Xð Nm-bw tX-¨ apJ-¯v A-hÀ Po-hn-X-¯n-se k-¦-S-I-S-ep-IÄ H-fn-¸n-¨p h-¨p… I-Ym-]m-{X-§Ä-¡v th-ïn ]m-Snbpw B-Sn-bpw I-c-ªpw tZjyw ]n-Sn¨pw A-hÀ Po-hn-¨p….

H-cp Iym-a-d-bp-sS ap-ón-ð \n-óv a-säm-ón-te-¡p-Å Hm-«-am-bn-cp-óp A-dp]-¯v c-ïv hÀ-j-¯n-\n-S-bn-se kp-Ip-am-cn-bp-sS Po-hn-Xw. F-gp-]-¯n-aq-óma-s¯ h-b-Ênepw A-hÀ B ]-¯v h-b-Êp-Im-cn-bp-sS Iu-Xp-I-t¯m-sS Iym-a-d-bv-¡v ap-ónð \n-óp I-Ym-]m-{X§-sf a-\-Ên-te-¡v B-hm-ln-¨p. 1940 H-tÎm-_À B-dn-\m-Wv kp-Ip-am-cn F-ó A-`n-\-b-{]-Xn-`-bp-sS P-\\w. ]q-P-¸p-c-bnð _m-¦v D-tZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp-óp A-ѳ am-[-h³ \mbÀ. F-ómð am-Xm-]n-Xm-¡-fp-sS hm-Õeyw A-\p-`-hn-¡m-\m-bn-cp-ónñ Ip-ªp-kp-Ip-am-cn-bp-sS tbmKw. A-½q-½ ImÀ-Xymb-\n A-½-bv-s¡m-¸w Xm-a-kn-¨n-cp-ó kp-Ip-am-cn-sb A-½ k-Xy-`m-a-bp-sS k-tlmZ-cn k-c-kz-Xn-b-½ sN-ssó-bn-te-¡v Iq«n-sIm-ïv t]m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-óp. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ k-tlm-Z-cn-amcm-b e-fn-X, ]-ßn\n, cm-Kn-Wn-am-cp-sS A-½-bm-bn-cp-óp k-c-kz-Xn-b½.

sN-dp-{]m-b-¯n-se `-c-X-\m-Sy-¯nepw I-Y-I-fn-bn-epw {]m-hoWyw t\Sn-b kp-Ip-am-cn Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-À k-tlm-Z-cn-am-cp-sS Um³-tk-gvkv Hm-^v C-´y F-ó {Sq-¸n-eq-sS-bm-Wv A-c-§n-se-¯p-ó-Xv. ]n-óo-Sv {]-i-kv-X \-Sn-amcm-b cm-Pkp-tem-N-\-bp-tSbpw Ip-i-e-Ip-am-cn-bp-tS-bpw {Sq-¸p-IÄ-¡v th-ïnbpw kp-Ip-am-cn \r-¯w sN-bv-Xp. C-¡me-¯v Pn.ssh. ]mÀ-°-km-c-Yn-bp-sS \m-S-I {Sq-¸nð sNdn-b th-j-§fpw sN-bvXp. Cu \m-S-I-_-Ô-am-Wv kp-Ip-am-cn-b½-sb tNm cm-a-kzm-an-bp-am-bn A-Sp-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv. tNm-bp-sS \m-S-I-§-fn-se {][m-\ I-Ym-]m-{X-am-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-amcn. \m-S-I-¯n-ð \nópw \r-¯-th-Zn-bnð \nópw A-`n-\-b-¯n-sâ _m-e-]mT-§Ä ]Tn-¨ kp-Ip-am-cn-bpsS \r-¯-th-Zn-bn-se {]-IS-\w I-ïm-Wv kw-hn-[m-b-I³ ]n. \o-e-I-WvT³ H-c-dn-hv F-ó kn-\n-a-bn-te-¡v hn-fn-¡p-ó-Xv. A§-s\ ]¯mw h-b-Ênð kp-Ip-am-cn B-Zy-am-bn kn-\n-a-bn-se-¯n.

sNdn-b sNdn-b th-j-§Ä sNbv-X kp-Ip-am-cn kn-\n-a-bnð k-Po-h-am-Ip-ó-Xv 1957ð B-dp-`m-j-I-fnð ]p-d-¯n-d§n-b X-kv-I-c-ho-c-\n-eq-sS-bmWv. sIm-«m-c-¡-c {io-[-c³ \m-b-cp-sS `m-cy-bm-bn A-`n-\-bn-¡p-t¼mÄ kp-Ip-am-cn-bv-¡v A-óv hb-Êv ]-Xn-t\-gv. ]-s¯m³-]Xmw h-b-Ênð a-lm-cm-{ã-¡m-c\m-b kw-hn-[m-b-I³ `ow-knw-Kn-sâ `m-cy-bm-bn. F-ómð ]-¯v hÀ-jw \o-ï Zm-¼-Xy-Po-hn-X-¯n-se \n-d-§-sfñmw `-À-¯m-hn-sâ a-c-W-¯n-sâ cq-]-¯n-se-¯n I-hÀ-óp-I-f-ªp.

H-cp hen-b {]mÀ-°-\ B-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-am-cn-b-½-bp-sS Po-hnXw. {]mÀ-°-\-I-fnð A-hÀ X-\n-¡v th-ï-s¸-«-h-tc-sbñmw tNÀ-¯v ]n-Sn-¨n-cpóp.

aI-s\ tUm-Î-dm-¡-W-sa-óp-Å `À-¯m-hn-sâ tam-lw km-[n-¡m-\m-Wv Po-hn-X-¯n-se hn-[-h-sb-ó th-jw am-änh-¨v kp-Ip-am-cn hoïpw I-Ym-]m-{X-§Ä-¡v Po-h³ ]-IÀ-óXv. a-I³ A-`n-\-b-Po-hn-Xw tam-ln-¨-t¸mgpw B A-½ `À-¯m-hn-sâ B-{K-lw ap-dp-sI ]n-Sn¨p. aI-s\ tUm-Î-dm-¡n. ap-¸-Xma-s¯ h-b-Ênð hn-[-hbm-b A-[n-Iw hn-Zym-`ym-k-anñm-¯ H-cp kv-{Xo-bv-¡v Po-hn-Xm-\p-`-h-§Ä [m-cm-fw a-Xn-bm-bn-cp-óp Xo-cp-am-\-§Ä F-Sp-¡m\pw \-S-¸n-em-¡m-\pw.

H-ä-s¸-S-en-sâ \m-fp-I-fm-bn-cp-óp A-sX-óv kp-Ip-am-cnA-½ X-só ]-e A-`n-ap-J-§-fnepw Hm-À-s¯-Sp-¯n-«pïv. hoïpw A-`n-\-bn-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨-tXm-sS F-XnÀ-¸p-IÄ ]-e-bn-S-¯p-\nópw hóp. F-ómð Fñmw A-h-K-Wn-¨v A-dn-bm-hpó sXm-gnð sN-bv-Xv aI-s\ ]Tn-¸n-¡m³ B-A-½-bvv-¡v A-km-am-\y a-\-¡-cp-¯m-bn-cpóp. a-I³ tUm-Îdm-b ti-jhpw B-h-iy-¯n-\v ]-Ww k-¼m-Zn-¨ ti-jhpw A-`n\-bw \nÀ-¯m³ kp-Ip-am-cn X-¿m-dm-bn-cp-ónñ. Po-hn-X-¯nð Xp-Wbmb sXm-gn-en-s\ a-d-¡m³ Ah-sc t]m-sem-cp kv-{Xo-bv-¡v B-hnñm-bn-cpóp. ” Po-hn-X-¯nð B-sI-b-dn-bm-hpó sXm-gnð A-`n-\-b-am-Wv. tPm-en-sb-Sp-¡m-Xn-cp-ómð hñ A-kp-Jhpw h-óv In-S-¸n-em-bn t]mIpw”þ sh-dp-tX C-cn-¡m³ kp-Ip-am-cn-bv-¡v B-Ip-am-bn-cp-ónñ. I-Ym-]m-{X-§Ä Ah-sc am-Sn-hn-fn¨p-sIm-ïn-cp-óp.

H-ä-¡m-bn t]m-b-t¸m-sgñmw Po-hn-X-¯n-\v {]Xo-£ \ð-Inb-Xv {]mÀ-°-\ B-bn-cp-óp-sh-óv kp-Ip-am-cnb-½ HmÀ-½n-bv-¡m-dpïv. H-cp hen-b {]mÀ-°-\ B-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-am-cn-b-½-bp-sS Po-hnXw. t]m-Ip-ón-S-§-fn-se {][m-\ t£-{X-§-fn-señmw ZÀi-\w \-S-¯pw. {]mÀ-°-\-I-fnð A-hÀ X-\n-¡v th-ï-s¸-«-h-tc-sbñmw tNÀ-¯v ]n-Sn-¨n-cpóp. kp-Ip-am-cn A½-sb A-dn-bm-hp-ó-hÀ-s¡ñmw A-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-óp A-½-bp-sS ]q-Pm-ap-dnbpw hn-f¡p-sIm-fp-¯-epw. AXn-s\m-cp {]-tXy-I N-´-am-bn-cpóp. A-ôv Xn-cn-bn-« \n-e-hn-f-¡nð A-ôv X-cw F-®-IÄ tNÀ-¯p-ïm¡n-b Iq-s«m-gn-¨m-bn-cp-óp Zo-]w sX-fn-bn-¨n-cp-óXv. temI-¯v F-hn-sS-bm-bn-cp-ómepw B \njvT ap-S-¡m³ kp-Ip-am-cn X-¿m-dm-bn-cp-ónñ.

I-gn-ª s^-{_phcn 27\pw {]-Xo-£-tbm-sS B A-½ hnf-¡v sIm-fp-¯n. kz-´w Nn-X-bv-¡m-Wv Xm³ Xncn-sIm-fp-¯pó-Xv F-ó-dn-bmsX. hn-f¡p-sIm-fp-¯p-t¼mÄ h-kv-{X-¯n-te-¡v Xo-]-SÀ-óm-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-am-cn A-½-bv-¡v s]m-Å-te-ä-Xv. h-b-dnepw s\-ônepw I-Sp¯ s]m-Å-te-ä kp-Ip-am-cn sNssó t¥m-_ð B-ip-]-{Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-óp.

A-dp]-Xv hÀ-jw sIm-ïv kp-Ip-am-cn ]-IÀ-óm-Sn-b-Xv 2000¯n-e-[n-Iw th-j§Ä. `m-j-I-fp-sS A-XnÀ-h-c-¼p-IÄ t`-Zn-¨v A-hÀ I-Ym-]m-{X-¯nð \n-óv I-Ym-]m-{X-¯n-te-¡v Iq-Sp-hn-«v Iq-Sp-amdn. a-e-bm-f-¯n-em-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-am-cn G-ähpw Iq-Sp-Xð A-`n-\-bn-¨Xv. F-ómð Fópw a-e-bm-f-¯nsâ A-h-K-W-IÄ G-äp-hm-§m-\m-bn-cp-óp Cu A-`n-\-b-{]-Xn-`-bp-sS hn[n. th-j-§-fp-sS h-ep-¸-sN-dp-¸-anñm-sX In«n-b th-j-§-sf-sbñmw A-\-iz-c-am-¡n kp-Ip-am-cn-sb cm-Py-¯n-sâ ]-c-tam-ó-X _-lp-a-Xn-Ifn-semóm-b ]-ß{io t\Sn-sIm-Sp¯-Xv X-an-gv-\m-Sv kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ ip-]mÀ-i B-bn-cp-óp.

2003se ]p-c-kv-Im-c-§Ä {]-Jym-]n-¨-t¸m-gm-bn-cp-óp tI-c-f kÀ-¡mÀ t]mepw kp-Ip-am-cnsb HmÀ-¡p-óXv. tIc-fw A-h-K-Wn-s¨-óv kp-Ip-am-cn-b-½ A-óv thZ-\-tbmsS HmÀ-½n-¨n-cpóp. s]m-Å-te-äv B-ip-]-{Xn-bnð a-c-W-t¯m-Sv añ-Sn-¡p-t¼mgpw tI-c-f-¯n-emcpw B-¡mcyw A-dnª-Xv t]m-ep-anñ. hn-h-c-a-dn-ª-bpS-s\ Aó-s¯ kp-{]-[m-\-am-b 11 tbm-K-§Ä H-gn-hm-¡n-bm-Wv X-an-gv \m-Sv ap-Jy-a{´n P-b-efn-X kp-Ip-am-cn-b½-sb Im-Wm³ Hm-Sn-sb-¯n-bXv. kp-Ip-am-cn-b-½-bp-sS ap-gp-h³ Nn-In-Õm-sN-ehpw X-an-gv-\m-Sv kÀ-¡mÀ h-ln-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.

Iñpw apÅpw \n-d-ª Pohn-X h-gn-I-fnð ]q-Pm-]p-jv-]-§Ä sIm-fp¯nb B \n-e-hn-f-¡nð \n-óp-Å Pzm-e-bv-¡v kp-Ip-am-cn A½ sIm-fp¯n-b A-`n-\-b Pzme-sb A-W-bv-¡m-\m-In-sñ-óv C-\n Im-ew sX-fn-bn-¡pw…

Nn-In-Õm sN-e-hn-\m-bn c-ïv e-£w cq-] \ð-Im³ tI-c-f kÀ-¡mÀ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨n-cp-óp F-óp-Å hmÀ¯ t]mepw a-c-W-ti-jw a{´n sI._n. K-tW-jv Ip-amÀ sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼m-gm-Wv tIc-fw A-dn-ªXv. X-an-gv-\m-Sv kÀ-¡m-À I-sse-ama-Wn ]-«w \ð-In B-Z-cn-¨ \-Sn Iq-Sn-bm-Wv kp-Ip-am-cnb-½. a-e-bm-fn- B-sW-¦nepw X-an-g-I-am-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-am-cn-b-½-bv-¡v kz-´w ho-Sm-b-Xv. sN-ssó-bn-se Sn \-K-dn-se _m-Kv tdm-Un-em-bn-cp-óp kp-Ip-am-cn-b-½-bp-sS ho-Sv.

A-ôv X-e-ap-d-bv-s¡m-¸w kp-Ip-am-cn A-`n-\-bn-¨p. 2011ð \-½-{Km-aw F-ó Nn-{X-¯n-se A-`n-\-b-¯n-\v an-I-¨ k-l-\-Sn-bv-¡p-Å tZio-b A-hmÀ-Uv e-`n-¨n-cp-óp. A-`n\-bw sXm-gn-em¡n-b kp-Ip-am-cn A-½ Po-hn-X¯n-sem-cn-¡epw A-`n-\-bn-¨n-«n-sñ-óv A-dn-bm-hp-ó-h-cp-sS-sbñmw t\À-km-£yw. Iñpw apÅpw \n-d-ª Pohn-X h-gn-I-fnð ]q-Pm-]p-jv-]-§Ä sIm-fp¯nb B \n-e-hn-f-¡nð \n-óp-Å Pzm-e-bv-¡v kp-Ip-am-cn A½ sIm-fp¯n-b A-`n-\-b Pzme-sb A-W-bv-¡m-\m-In-sñ-óv C-\n Im-ew sX-fn-bn-¡pw… C-´y³ kn-\n-a-bnð B A-`n-\-b {]Xn-` Po-h³ \ð-In-b I-Ym-]m-{X-§Ä A-\-iz-c-§-fm-bn hcpwX-e-ap-d-bv-¡v H-cp ]mT-]p-kv-X-I-am-bn A-{`-]m-fn-I-fnð X-só Po-hn-¡pw….